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Secondary Causes of Hypertension: An Overview

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Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease in Asia

Part of the book series: Updates in Hypertension and Cardiovascular Protection ((UHCP))

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Abstract

Secondary hypertension, where a treatable underlying cause can be identified, is reported to be about 10% of all diagnosed hypertension. Treating the underlying condition can improve or cure hypertension. An increased prevalence is seen in patients with resistant hypertension, hypokalemia, and younger patients. Common causes of secondary hypertension also include renovascular and renal parenchymal disease, and primary aldosteronism.

Other conditions including pheochromocytoma, Cushing’s Syndrome, and coarctation of the aorta are less frequent causes of secondary hypertension. Obstructive sleep apnea is common and is associated with hypertension. Increased awareness and early diagnosis with targeted treatment significantly improves outcomes for patients diagnosed with secondary hypertension.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Endocrinology, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore

    Meifen Zhang & Troy H Puar

  2. Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore

    Hang Siang Wong

  3. Department of Renal Medicine, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore

    Roy Debajyoti Malakar

Authors
  1. Meifen Zhang
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  2. Hang Siang Wong
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  3. Roy Debajyoti Malakar
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  4. Troy H Puar
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Meifen Zhang .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Apollo Hospitals, Apollo Institute for Blood Pressure Management, Hyderabad, India

    C. Venkata S. Ram

  2. Head, Division of Nephrology Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin Sch of Med Natl Univ of Sin, Singapore, Singapore

    Boon Wee Jimmy Teo

  3. Department of Cardiology, Hero DMC Heart Institute, Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana, Punjab, India

    Gurpreet S. Wander

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Zhang, M., Wong, H.S., Malakar, R.D., Puar, T.H. (2022). Secondary Causes of Hypertension: An Overview. In: Ram, C.V.S., Teo, B.W.J., Wander, G.S. (eds) Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease in Asia. Updates in Hypertension and Cardiovascular Protection. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95734-6_15

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95734-6_15

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-95733-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-95734-6

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